Everything about Evolutionary Pressure totally explained
Any cause that reduces reproductive success in a proportion of a population potentially exerts
Evolutionary pressure or
selection pressure. With sufficient pressure, inherited traits that mitigate its effects - even if they'd be deleterious in other circumstances - can become widely spread through a population.
Examples
Drug resistance in bacteria is an example of the outcome of evolutionary pressure.
The
Malaria parasite can exert a selective pressure on populations. This pressure has led to
natural selection for
erythrocytes carrying the
sickle cell hemoglobin gene mutation (
Hb S)—causing
sickle cell anaemia—in areas where
malaria is a major health concern, because the condition grants some resistance to this infectious disease. Therefore, the concept can be described as the application of
Charles Darwin's principle of "survival of the fittest" (which actually should be understood as "extinction of the un-fittest") via some
selection mechanism.
It is a quantitative description of the amount of change occurring in processes investigated by
evolutionary biology, but the formal concept is often extended to other areas of research.
In
population genetics, selection pressure is usually expressed as a
selection coefficient.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Evolutionary Pressure'.
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